[Tips] How to Access Environment Variables Stored in .env from index.html in your React Project

#React

2022.02.14 07:59

この記事は公開されてから1年以上経過しています。情報が古い可能性がありますので、ご注意ください。

Case Study

My current project required to embed Google Analytics tags in React project's index.html for two different environments, DEV and STG respectively.

Solution

Create a .env file for each environment. In order to follow the naming convention for environment variables in React, you need to prefix them with REACT_APP as examples below.

.env.development

REACT_APP_GA_TAG_MANAGER_ID=GTM-N34****

.env.stg

REACT_APP_GA_TAG_MANAGER_ID=GTM-KFD****

Update index.html

Then in your index.htm file where you want to refer to the environment variable, you refer to it as a string in the form %<variable name>%.

index.html

<!DOCTYPE html>
<html lang="en">
  <head>
    <!-- ...meta tags and styles are omitted -->

    <!-- Google Tag Manager -->
    <script>
      (function (w, d, s, l, i) {
        w[l] = w[l] || [];
        w[l].push({"gtm.start": new Date().getTime(), event: "gtm.js"});
        var f = d.getElementsByTagName(s)[0],
          j = d.createElement(s),
          dl = l != "dataLayer" ? "&l=" + l : "";
        j.async = true;
        j.src = "https://www.googletagmanager.com/gtm.js?id=" + i + dl;
        f.parentNode.insertBefore(j, f);
      })(
        window,
        document,
        "script",
        "dataLayer",
        "%REACT_APP_GA_TAG_MANAGER_ID%",
      );
    </script>
    <!-- End Google Tag Manager -->
  </head>
  <body>
    <!-- Google Tag Manager (noscript) -->
    <noscript
      ><iframe
        src="https://www.googletagmanager.com/ns.html?id=%REACT_APP_GA_TAG_MANAGER_ID%"
        height="0"
        width="0"
        style="display:none;visibility:hidden"
      ></iframe
    ></noscript>
    <!-- End Google Tag Manager (noscript) -->
    <div id="root"></div>
  </body>
</html>

Result

DEV Environment:

STG Environment:

It's a little hard to see in screenshots, but now you can see that the index.html of the DEV environment has tags starting with GTM-N34 embedded and the STG environment has tags starting with GTM-KFD embedded as expected.