[アップデート] Amazon DynamoDBでトランザクション毎に最大100リクエストを実行できるようになりました

こんにちは、CX事業本部 IoT事業部の若槻です。

このたびのアップデートにより、Amazon DynamoDBでトランザクション毎に最大100リクエストを実行できるようになりました。

• Amazon DynamoDB now supports up to 100 actions per transaction

今までは最大25リクエストだったので今回のアップデートにより最大数が4倍に増えた形になりますね。

Amazon DynamoDB transactions enable coordinated, all-or-nothing changes to multiple items both within and across tables. The maximum number of actions in a single transaction has now increased from 25 to 100.

そこで実際に、DynamoDBのトランザクション APIであるTransactWriteItemsを使用して上限数が100に増えたことを確認してみます。

試してみた

指定したリクエスト数のPutをTransactItemsのファイルを作成できるスクリプトです。

const fs = require('fs');

const COUNT = Number(process.argv[2]);

const array = [...Array(COUNT).keys()].map((i) => ++i);

const transactWriteItems = array.map((d) => ({
  Put: {
    Item: {
      id: { S: d.toString() },
    },
    TableName: 'dataTable',
  },
}));

const data = JSON.stringify(transactWriteItems, undefined, 2);

fs.writeFileSync('transactItems.json', data);

引数100を指定してスクリプトを実行し、リクエスト数100個のTransactItemsを作成します。

npx ts-node createTransactWriteItemsFile.ts 100

作成できました。

[
  {
    "Put": {
      "Item": {
        "id": {
          "S": "1"
        }
      },
      "TableName": "dataTable"
    }
  },
  {
    "Put": {
      "Item": {
        "id": {
          "S": "2"
        }
      },
      "TableName": "dataTable"
    }
  },
  {
    "Put": {
      "Item": {
        "id": {
          "S": "3"
        }
      },
      "TableName": "dataTable"
    }
  },
  ...（中略）
  {
    "Put": {
      "Item": {
        "id": {
          "S": "100"
        }
      },
      "TableName": "dataTable"
    }
  }
]

AWS CLIで上記ファイルを指定してTransactWriteItemsを実行します。

aws dynamodb transact-write-items \
  --transact-items file://transactItems.json

エラーなく実行できました。

テーブルを見ると100個のアイテムがPutされていますね！

次に最大リクエスト数を超える101個のリクエストを指定してTransactWriteItemsを実行してみます。

npx ts-node createTransactWriteItemsFile.ts 101

するとエラーとなりました。

aws dynamodb transact-write-items \
  --transact-items file://transactItems.json

An error occurred (ValidationException) when calling the TransactWriteItems operation: 1 validation error detected: Value '[TransactWriteItem(conditionCheck=null, put=Put(item={id=com.amazonaws.dynamodb.v20120810.AttributeValue@9a58261a}, tableName=dataTable, conditionExpression=null, expressionAttributeNames=null, expressionAttributeValues=null, returnValuesOnConditionCheckFailure=null, workloadProfileName=null), delete=null, update=null), TransactWriteItem(conditionCheck=null, put=Put(item={id=com.amazonaws.dynamodb.v20120810.AttributeValue@9a5829db}, tableName=dataTable, conditionExpression=null, expressionAttributeNames=null, expressionAttributeValues=null, returnValuesOnConditionCheckFailure=null, workloadProfileName=null), delete=null, update=null), TransactWriteItem(conditionCheck=null, put=Put(item={id=com.amazonaws.dynamodb.v20120810.AttributeValue@9a582d9c}, tableName=dataTable, conditionExpression=null, expressionAttributeNames=null, expressionAttributeValues=null, returnValuesOnConditionCheckFailure=null, workloadProfileName=null), delete=null, update=null), TransactWriteItem(conditionCheck=null, put=Put(item={id=com.amazonaws.dynamodb.v20120810.AttributeValue@9a58315d}, tableName=dataTable, conditionExpression=null, expressionAttributeNames=null, expressionAttributeValues=null, returnValuesOnConditionCheckFailure=null, workloadProfileName=null), delete=null, update=null), TransactWriteItem(conditionCheck=null, put=Put(item={id=com.amazonaws.dynamodb.v20120810.AttributeValue@9a58351e}, tableName=dataTable, conditionExpression=null, expressionAttributeNames=null, expressionAttributeValues=null, returnValuesOnConditionCheckFailure=null, workloadProfileName=null), delete=null, update=null), TransactWriteItem(conditionCheck=null, put=Put(item={id=com.amazonaws.dynamodb.v20120810.AttributeValue@9a5838df}, tableName=dataTable, conditionExpression=null, expressionAttributeNames=null, expressionAttributeValues=null, 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returnValuesOnConditionCheckFailure=null, workloadProfileName=null), delete=null, update=null), TransactWriteItem(conditionCheck=null, put=Put(item={id=com.amazonaws.dynamodb.v20120810.AttributeValue@9a71448b}, tableName=dataTable, conditionExpression=null, expressionAttributeNames=null, expressionAttributeValues=null, returnValuesOnConditionCheckFailure=null, workloadProfileName=null), delete=null, update=null), TransactWriteItem(conditionCheck=null, put=Put(item={id=com.amazonaws.dynamodb.v20120810.AttributeValue@9a719721}, tableName=dataTable, conditionExpression=null, expressionAttributeNames=null, expressionAttributeValues=null, returnValuesOnConditionCheckFailure=null, workloadProfileName=null), delete=null, update=null), TransactWriteItem(conditionCheck=null, put=Put(item={id=com.amazonaws.dynamodb.v20120810.AttributeValue@9a719ae2}, tableName=dataTable, conditionExpression=null, expressionAttributeNames=null, expressionAttributeValues=null, returnValuesOnConditionCheckFailure=null, workloadProfileName=null), delete=null, update=null), TransactWriteItem(conditionCheck=null, put=Put(item={id=com.amazonaws.dynamodb.v20120810.AttributeValue@9a719ea3}, tableName=dataTable, conditionExpression=null, expressionAttributeNames=null, expressionAttributeValues=null, returnValuesOnConditionCheckFailure=null, workloadProfileName=null), delete=null, update=null), TransactWriteItem(conditionCheck=null, put=Put(item={id=com.amazonaws.dynamodb.v20120810.AttributeValue@9a71a264}, tableName=dataTable, conditionExpression=null, expressionAttributeNames=null, expressionAttributeValues=null, returnValuesOnConditionCheckFailure=null, workloadProfileName=null), delete=null, update=null), TransactWriteItem(conditionCheck=null, put=Put(item={id=com.amazonaws.dynamodb.v20120810.AttributeValue@9a71a625}, tableName=dataTable, conditionExpression=null, expressionAttributeNames=null, expressionAttributeValues=null, returnValuesOnConditionCheckFailure=null, workloadProfileName=null), delete=null, update=null), TransactWriteItem(conditionCheck=null, put=Put(item={id=com.amazonaws.dynamodb.v20120810.AttributeValue@9a71a9e6}, tableName=dataTable, conditionExpression=null, expressionAttributeNames=null, expressionAttributeValues=null, returnValuesOnConditionCheckFailure=null, workloadProfileName=null), delete=null, update=null), TransactWriteItem(conditionCheck=null, put=Put(item={id=com.amazonaws.dynamodb.v20120810.AttributeValue@9a71ada7}, tableName=dataTable, conditionExpression=null, expressionAttributeNames=null, expressionAttributeValues=null, returnValuesOnConditionCheckFailure=null, workloadProfileName=null), delete=null, update=null), TransactWriteItem(conditionCheck=null, put=Put(item={id=com.amazonaws.dynamodb.v20120810.AttributeValue@9a71b168}, tableName=dataTable, conditionExpression=null, expressionAttributeNames=null, expressionAttributeValues=null, returnValuesOnConditionCheckFailure=null, workloadProfileName=null), delete=null, update=null), TransactWriteItem(conditionCheck=null, put=Put(item={id=com.amazonaws.dynamodb.v20120810.AttributeValue@9a71b529}, tableName=dataTable, conditionExpression=null, expressionAttributeNames=null, expressionAttributeValues=null, returnValuesOnConditionCheckFailure=null, workloadProfileName=null), delete=null, update=null), TransactWriteItem(conditionCheck=null, put=Put(item={id=com.amazonaws.dynamodb.v20120810.AttributeValue@9a71b8ea}, tableName=dataTable, conditionExpression=null, expressionAttributeNames=null, expressionAttributeValues=null, returnValuesOnConditionCheckFailure=null, workloadProfileName=null), delete=null, update=null), TransactWriteItem(conditionCheck=null, put=Put(item={id=com.amazonaws.dynamodb.v20120810.AttributeValue@9a720b80}, tableName=dataTable, conditionExpression=null, expressionAttributeNames=null, expressionAttributeValues=null, returnValuesOnConditionCheckFailure=null, workloadProfileName=null), delete=null, update=null), TransactWriteItem(conditionCheck=null, put=Put(item={id=com.amazonaws.dynamodb.v20120810.AttributeValue@9a720f41}, tableName=dataTable, conditionExpression=null, expressionAttributeNames=null, expressionAttributeValues=null, returnValuesOnConditionCheckFailure=null, workloadProfileName=null), delete=null, update=null), TransactWriteItem(conditionCheck=null, put=Put(item={id=com.amazonaws.dynamodb.v20120810.AttributeValue@9a721302}, tableName=dataTable, conditionExpression=null, expressionAttributeNames=null, expressionAttributeValues=null, returnValuesOnConditionCheckFailure=null, workloadProfileName=null), delete=null, update=null), TransactWriteItem(conditionCheck=null, put=Put(item={id=com.amazonaws.dynamodb.v20120810.AttributeValue@9a7216c3}, tableName=dataTable, conditionExpression=null, expressionAttributeNames=null, expressionAttributeValues=null, returnValuesOnConditionCheckFailure=null, workloadProfileName=null), delete=null, update=null), TransactWriteItem(conditionCheck=null, put=Put(item={id=com.amazonaws.dynamodb.v20120810.AttributeValue@9a721a84}, tableName=dataTable, conditionExpression=null, expressionAttributeNames=null, expressionAttributeValues=null, returnValuesOnConditionCheckFailure=null, workloadProfileName=null), delete=null, update=null), TransactWriteItem(conditionCheck=null, put=Put(item={id=com.amazonaws.dynamodb.v20120810.AttributeValue@9a721e45}, tableName=dataTable, conditionExpression=null, expressionAttributeNames=null, expressionAttributeValues=null, returnValuesOnConditionCheckFailure=null, workloadProfileName=null), delete=null, update=null), TransactWriteItem(conditionCheck=null, put=Put(item={id=com.amazonaws.dynamodb.v20120810.AttributeValue@9a722206}, tableName=dataTable, conditionExpression=null, expressionAttributeNames=null, expressionAttributeValues=null, returnValuesOnConditionCheckFailure=null, workloadProfileName=null), delete=null, update=null), TransactWriteItem(conditionCheck=null, put=Put(item={id=com.amazonaws.dynamodb.v20120810.AttributeValue@9a7225c7}, tableName=dataTable, conditionExpression=null, expressionAttributeNames=null, expressionAttributeValues=null, returnValuesOnConditionCheckFailure=null, workloadProfileName=null), delete=null, update=null), TransactWriteItem(conditionCheck=null, put=Put(item={id=com.amazonaws.dynamodb.v20120810.AttributeValue@9a722988}, tableName=dataTable, conditionExpression=null, expressionAttributeNames=null, expressionAttributeValues=null, returnValuesOnConditionCheckFailure=null, workloadProfileName=null), delete=null, update=null), TransactWriteItem(conditionCheck=null, put=Put(item={id=com.amazonaws.dynamodb.v20120810.AttributeValue@9a722d49}, tableName=dataTable, conditionExpression=null, expressionAttributeNames=null, expressionAttributeValues=null, returnValuesOnConditionCheckFailure=null, workloadProfileName=null), delete=null, update=null), TransactWriteItem(conditionCheck=null, put=Put(item={id=com.amazonaws.dynamodb.v20120810.AttributeValue@9d2073da}, tableName=dataTable, conditionExpression=null, expressionAttributeNames=null, expressionAttributeValues=null, returnValuesOnConditionCheckFailure=null, workloadProfileName=null), delete=null, update=null), TransactWriteItem(conditionCheck=null, put=Put(item={id=com.amazonaws.dynamodb.v20120810.AttributeValue@9d20779b}, tableName=dataTable, conditionExpression=null, expressionAttributeNames=null, expressionAttributeValues=null, returnValuesOnConditionCheckFailure=null, workloadProfileName=null), delete=null, update=null)]' at 'transactItems' failed to satisfy constraint: Member must have length less than or equal to 100

リクエスト数が100以下の条件を満たしていないためエラーになっている旨のメッセージが表示されています。

'transactItems' failed to satisfy constraint: Member must have length less than or equal to 100

補足

BatchWriteItemを使うことも考えよう

今回は簡単のためにPutItem操作を100リクエスト行いましたが、 PutItemの単一のテーブルに対する一括実行であればBatchWriteItemでも利用可能です。（こちらはAPIコール毎のリクエスト上限は25） トランザクション処理とさせる必要がなければBatchWriteItemを使うようにしましょう。（公式でもそれがベストプラクティスとされています。）

おわりに

Amazon DynamoDBでトランザクション毎に最大100個のリクエストを実行できるようになったので試してみました。

ついこの前にAWS Step Functionsの組み込み関数States.ArrayPartitionを使ってDynamoDBのTransactWriteItems APIでリクエストするオブジェクト数を上限数25件毎に分割してみたという記事を書いたのですが、それが今回のアップデートによりもう陳腐化してしまいました。（今後はStep Functionsのペイロード256KB制限を超えない範囲で最大100件毎に分割することになりますね）昨日までの常識だった仕様が明日には通用しなくなるというAWSのサービスの進化の速さを身を持って体験しました。キャッチアップが大変ではありますが、圧倒的な供給量で技術者を常にワクワクさせてくれるのがAWSの良いところです。

参考

• 連番の数字の配列を作成（es2015 ver) - Qiita
• transact-write-items — AWS CLI 2.7.29 Command Reference

以上