Get server data using osquery

2018.05.06

この記事は公開されてから1年以上経過しています。情報が古い可能性がありますので、ご注意ください。

Osquery can get be used to retrieve device data using SQL commands. Specifically, it is possible to get data in Tables.

Downloading & Installing

It runs everywhere

Windows, macOS, CentOS, FreeBSD, and almost every Linux OS released since 2011 are supported with no dependencies.

Let's try installing it by referring to Downloading & Installing Osquery .

For example, I am installing to CentOS7 below.

$ curl -L https://pkg.osquery.io/rpm/GPG | sudo tee /etc/pki/rpm-gpg/RPM-GPG-KEY-osquery
$ sudo yum-config-manager --add-repo https://pkg.osquery.io/rpm/osquery-s3-rpm.repo
$ sudo yum-config-manager --enable osquery-s3-rpm
$ sudo yum install osquery

Execute osqueryi

Let’s now try using interactive mode as an example.

# osqueryi
Using a virtual database. Need help, type '.help'
osquery>

meta command

.tables

to list all tables

osquery> .table
  => acpi_tables
  => apt_sources
  => arp_cache
  [...]

.schema table_name

to list the schema

osquery> .schema shell_history
CREATE TABLE shell_history(`uid` BIGINT, `time` INTEGER, `command` TEXT, `history_file` TEXT);

pragma table_info(table_name);

to display table details

osquery> pragma table_info(shell_history);
+-----+--------------+---------+---------+------------+----+
| cid | name         | type    | notnull | dflt_value | pk |
+-----+--------------+---------+---------+------------+----+
| 0   | uid          | BIGINT  | 0       |            | 0  |
| 1   | time         | INTEGER | 0       |            | 0  |
| 2   | command      | TEXT    | 0       |            | 0  |
| 3   | history_file | TEXT    | 0       |            | 0  |
+-----+--------------+---------+---------+------------+----+

Execute query

load_average

to display system load average

osquery> select * from load_average;
+--------+----------+
| period | average  |
+--------+----------+
| 1m     | 0.000000 |
| 5m     | 0.010000 |
| 15m    | 0.050000 |
+--------+----------+

block_devices

to display block devices

osquery> select * from block_devices;
+------------+-----------+--------+-------+----------+------------+--------------------------------------+------+-------+
| name       | parent    | vendor | model | size     | block_size | uuid                                 | type | label |
+------------+-----------+--------+-------+----------+------------+--------------------------------------+------+-------+
| /dev/xvda  |           |        |       | 16777216 | 512        |                                      |      |       |
| /dev/xvda1 | /dev/xvda |        |       | 16775168 |            | ********-****-****-****-************ | xfs  |       |
+------------+-----------+--------+-------+----------+------------+--------------------------------------+------+-------+

last

to display login history

osquery> select * from last where username like 'centos';
+----------+-------+-------+------+------------+-----------------------------------+
| username | tty   | pid   | type | time       | host                              |
+----------+-------+-------+------+------------+-----------------------------------+
| centos   | pts/0 | 10158 | 7    | 1519072204 | ***.***.***.2                     |
| centos   | pts/0 | 1185  | 7    | 1519073094 | ***.***.***.2                     |
| centos   | pts/1 | 21429 | 7    | 1519113254 | d***-***-***-***.******.*****.net |
| centos   | pts/0 | 2815  | 7    | 1519113982 | d***-***-***-***.******.*****.net |
| centos   | pts/1 | 13023 | 7    | 1519405082 | ***.***.***.2                     |
| centos   | pts/1 | 13054 | 7    | 1519405100 | ***.***.***.2                     |
| centos   | pts/2 | 15834 | 7    | 1519415807 | ***.***.***.2                     |
| centos   | pts/2 | 16006 | 7    | 1519415868 | ***.***.***.2                     |
| centos   | pts/0 | 27795 | 7    | 1519456885 | d***-***-***-***.******.*****.net |
+----------+-------+-------+------+------------+-----------------------------------+

memory_info

to display memory information in bytes

osquery> select * from memory_info;
+--------------+-------------+---------+-----------+-------------+------------+-----------+------------+-----------+
| memory_total | memory_free | buffers | cached    | swap_cached | active     | inactive  | swap_total | swap_free |
+--------------+-------------+---------+-----------+-------------+------------+-----------+------------+-----------+
| 3973382144   | 1826029568  | 2117632 | 669937664 | 0           | 1718042624 | 256385024 | 0          | 0         |
+--------------+-------------+---------+-----------+-------------+------------+-----------+------------+-----------+

mode

We can set output mode using .mode MODE.

.mode MODE       Set output mode where MODE is one of:
                   csv      Comma-separated values
                   column   Left-aligned columns see .width
                   line     One value per line
                   list     Values delimited by .separator string
                   pretty   Pretty printed SQL results (default)

We can change the mode and get ec2_instance_metadata table data.

ec2_instance_metadata

to display EC2 instance metadata

osquery> .mode line
osquery> select * from ec2_instance_metadata;
      instance_id = i-*****************
    instance_type = t2.medium
     architecture = x86_64
           region = us-west-2
availability_zone = us-west-2c
   local_hostname = ip-***-***-***-***.us-west-2.compute.internal
       local_ipv4 = ***.***.***.***
              mac = **:**:**:**:**:**
  security_groups = defaultCentOS 7 -x86_64- - with Updates HVM-1801_01-AutogenByAWSMP-
          iam_arn = arn:aws:iam::************:instance-profile/iamrolename
           ami_id = ami-********
   reservation_id = r-********
       account_id = ********
   ssh_public_key = ssh-rsa ********

Execute pipe a query as stdin

ec2_instance_tags

to display EC2 instance tags

$ echo "select * from ec2_instance_tags;" | osqueryi --json | jq .
I0225 20:11:24.138509  5701 http_client.cpp:309] HTTP(S) request re-directed to: http://169.254.169.254/latest/meta-data/iam/security-credentials/
[
  {
    "instance_id": "i-*****************",
    "key": "Name",
    "value": "Prd"
  },
  {
    "instance_id": "i-*****************",
    "key": "Service",
    "value": "Dev"
  }
]

Conclusion

We illustrated how to get server data using osquery commands.

References